What is the definition of 'incorporation' in fertilizer application?

• A. Spraying fertilizer on the soil surface
• B. Mixing fertilizer or manure into the soil to ensure it is adequately covered and integrated
• C. Placing fertilizer in a protected container
• D. Applying fertilizer during a rainfall

Answer: (B)

Incorporation means mixing fertilizer or manure into the soil so it becomes part of the soil environment, ensuring it is adequately covered and integrated with soil particles and moisture. This placement helps nutrients stay where plants can access them, improves uptake, and reduces losses from volatilization or runoff.

Surface spraying stays on the surface and isn’t incorporated into the soil. Putting fertilizer in a protected container isn’t describing field incorporation. Applying fertilizer during rainfall tends to increase nutrient losses through runoff or leaching rather than integrating them into the soil.